Atmospheric Measurement Techniques www.atmos-meas-tech.net 1867-1381 1867-8548 2 2 2009 10.5194/amt-2-379-2009 http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/2/379/2009/ http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/2/379/2009/amt-2-379-2009.html http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/2/379/2009/amt-2-379-2009.pdf 379 399 2009-07-27 Validation of water vapour profiles (version 13) retrieved by the IMK/IAA scientific retrieval processor based on full resolution spectra measured by MIPAS on board Envisat M. Milz mathias.milz@ltu.se T. v. Clarmann P. Bernath C. Boone S. A. Buehler S. Chauhan B. Deuber D. G. Feist B. Funke N. Glatthor U. Grabowski A. Griesfeller A. Haefele M. Höpfner N. Kämpfer S. Kellmann A. Linden S. Müller H. Nakajima H. Oelhaf E. Remsberg S. Rohs J. M. Russell III C. Schiller G. P. Stiller T. Sugita T. Tanaka H. Vömel K. Walker G. Wetzel T. Yokota V. Yushkov G. Zhang Luleå Technical University, Dept. of Space Science, Kiruna, Sweden Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and Universität Karlsruhe, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Karlsruhe, Germany Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Institute of Applied Physics, Atmospheric Physics Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Granada, Spain Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), UVSQ, CNRS, Verrières-le-Buisson, France National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan Science Directorate, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany Cooperative Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Central Aerological Observatory, Dolgoprudny, Russia Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, USA now at: METEOTEST, Bern, Switzerland now at: Deutscher Wetterdienst, Meteorologisches Observatorium Lindenberg, Lindenberg, Germany now at: Dept. of Physics and Information Engineering,Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China Vertical profiles of stratospheric water vapour measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) with the full resolution mode between September 2002 and March 2004 and retrieved with the IMK/IAA scientific retrieval processor were compared to a number of independent measurements in order to estimate the bias and to validate the existing precision estimates of the MIPAS data. The estimated precision for MIPAS is 5 to 10% in the stratosphere, depending on altitude, latitude, and season. The independent instruments were: the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE), the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer-II (ILAS-II), the Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM III) instrument, the Middle Atmospheric Water Vapour Radiometer (MIAWARA), the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, balloon-borne version (MIPAS-B), the Airborne Microwave Stratospheric Observing System (AMSOS), the Fluorescent Stratospheric Hygrometer for Balloon (FLASH-B), the NOAA frostpoint hygrometer, and the Fast In Situ Hygrometer (FISH). For the in-situ measurements and the ground based, air- and balloon borne remote sensing instruments, the measurements are restricted to central and northern Europe. The comparisons to satellite-borne instruments are predominantly at mid- to high latitudes on both hemispheres. In the stratosphere there is no clear indication of a bias in MIPAS data, because the independent measurements in some cases are drier and in some cases are moister than the MIPAS measurements. Compared to the infrared measurements of MIPAS, measurements in the ultraviolet and visible have a tendency to be high, whereas microwave measurements have a tendency to be low. The results of χ<sup>2</sup>-based precision validation are somewhat controversial among the comparison estimates. However, for comparison instruments whose error budget also includes errors due to uncertainties in spectrally interfering species and where good coincidences were found, the χ<sup>2</sup> values found are in the expected range or even below. This suggests that there is no evidence of systematically underestimated MIPAS random errors. 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