Atmospheric Measurement Techniques www.atmos-meas-tech.net 1867-1381 1867-8548 2 2 2009 10.5194/amt-2-779-2009 http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/2/779/2009/ http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/2/779/2009/amt-2-779-2009.html http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/2/779/2009/amt-2-779-2009.pdf 779 788 2009-12-04 Response of the Nevzorov hot wire probe in clouds dominated by droplet conditions in the drizzle size range A. Schwarzenboeck G. Mioche A. Armetta A. Herber J.-F. Gayet Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, LAMP, 63177 Aubière, France CNRS, UMR 6016, LAMP, 63173 Aubière, France Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Columbusstrasse, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany During the airborne research mission ASTAR 2004 (Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosols, Clouds and Radiation) performed over the island of Svalbard in the Arctic a constant-temperature hot-wire Nevzorov Probe designed for aircraft measurements, has been used onboard the aircraft POLAR 2. The Nevzorov probe measured liquid water (LWC) and total condensed water content (TWC) in supercooled liquid and partly mixed phase clouds, respectively. As for other hotwire probes the calculation of LWC and/or TWC (and thus the ice water content IWC) has to take into account the collection efficiencies of the two separate sensors for LWC and TWC which both react differently with respect to cloud phase and what is even more difficult to quantify with respect to the size of ice and liquid cloud particles. The study demonstrates that during pure liquid cloud sequences the ASTAR data set of the Nevzorov probe allowed to improve the quantification of the collection efficiency, particularly of the LWC probe part with respect to water. The improved quantification of liquid water content should lead to improved retrievals of IWC content. Simultaneous retrievals of LWC and IWC are correlated with the asymmetry factor derived from the Polar Nephelometer instrument. Baumgardner, D., Strapp, W., and Dye, J. E.: Evaluation of the forward scattering spectrometer probe, Part II: Corrections for coincidence and dead-time losses. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 2, 626–632, 1985. Biter, C. J., Dye, J. E. Huffman, D., and King, W. D.: The drop response of the CSIRO liquid water content, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 4, 359–367, 1987. Emery, E., Miller, D., Plaskon, S., Strapp, J. W., and Lilie, L. E.: Ice Particle Impact on Cloud Water Content Instrumentation, 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA-2004-0731, 2004. Gardiner, B. A. and Hallett, J.: Degradation of in-cloud forward scattering spectrometer probe measurements in the presence of ice particles, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 2, 171–180, 1985. Garrett, T. J., Hobbs, P. V., and Gerber, H.: Shortwave, single-scattering properties of arctic ice clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 106, D14, 15.155–15.172, 2001. Gayet, J. F., Brown, P. R. A., and Albers, F.: A comparison of in-cloud measurements obtained with six PMS 2-D-C probes, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 10, 180–194, 1993. Gayet, J. F., Crepel, O., Fournol, J. F., and Oshchepkov, S.: A new airborne polar Nephelometer for the measurements of optical and microphysical cloud properties, Part I: Theoretical design, Ann. Geophys., 15(4), 451–459, 1997. Gayet, J.-F., Stachlewska, I. S., Jourdan, O., Shcherbakov, V. N., Schwarzenboeck, A., and Neuber, R.: Microphysical and optical properties of precipitating drizzle and ice particles obtained from alternated lidar and in situ measurements, Ann. Geophys., 25(7), 1487–1497, 2007. Gerber, H., Arends, B. G., and Ackerman, A. S.: New microphysics sensor for aircraft use, Atmos. Res., 31, 235–252, 1993 Hinds, W. C.: Aerosol technology: Properties, behaviour and measurement of airborne particles, John Wiley and Sons, ISBN~0-471-19410-7, 464~pp., New York, USA, 1999. King, W. D., Parkin D. A., and Handsworth R. J.: A hot-wire water device having fully calculable response characteristics, J. Appl. Meteor., 17, 1809–1813, 1978. Korolev, A. V., Nevzorov, A. N., Strapp, J. W., and Isaac, G. A.: The Nevzorov Airborne Hot-Wire LWC-TWC Probe~: Principle of Operation and Performance Characteristics, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 15, 1495–1510, 1998. Korolev, A. V., Strapp, J. W., Isaac, G. A., and Nevzorov, A. N.: In situ measurements of effective diameter and effective droplet number concentration, J. Geophys. Res., 27, 3993–4003, 1999. Korolev, A. V. and Strapp, J. W.: Accuracy of Measurements of Cloud Ice Water Content by the Nevzorov Probe. 40th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibition, 14–17 January 2002, Reno, Nevada, AIAA, 2002. Korolev, A. V., Isaac, G. A., Cober, S. G., Strapp, J. W., and Hallett, J.: Part A: Microphysical Characterization of Mixed Phase Clouds, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129, 39–66, 2003. Korolev, A. V., Strapp, J. W., Isaac, G. A., and Emery, E.: Improved airborne hot-wire measurements of ice water content in clouds, International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation, Cancun, Mexico, 2008. Knollenberg, R. G.: Techniques for probing cloud microstructure. Clouds, their formation, optical properties and effects, edited by: Hobbs, P. V., Deepak, A., Academic Press, New York, 15–85, 1981. Lawson, R. P., Korolev, A. V., Cober, S. G., Huang, T., Strapp, J. W., and Isaac, G. A.: Improved measurements of the drop size distribution of a freezing drizzle event, Atmos. Res., 48, 181–191, 1998. Lawson, R. P., Baker B. A., Schmitt, C. G., and Jensen, T. L.: An overview of microphysical properties of Arctic clouds observed in May and July 1998 during FIRE ACE, J. Geophys. Res., 106, D14, 14989–15014, 2001. Martin, G. M., Johnson D. W., and Spice A.: The measurement and parameterization of effective radius of droplets in stratocumulus clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1823–1842, 1994. Nevzorov, A. N.: "Aircraft cloud water content meter", (in Russian language), Transactions of Central Aerological Observatory (Trudi TsAO), 147, 19–26, 1983. Nicholls, S., Leighton, J., and Barker, R. A. L.: A new fast-response instrument for measuring total water content from aircraft, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 7, 706–718, 1990. Ogren, J. A., Heintzenberg, J., and Charlson, R. J.: In situ sampling of clouds with a droplet to aerosol converter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12(\refeq2), 121–124, 1985. Ruskin, R. E.: Liquid water content devices, Atmos. Techn., 8, 38–42, 1976. Stachlewska, I. S., Gayet, J.-F., Duroure, C., Schwarzenboeck, A., Jourdan, O., Shcherbakov, V., and Neuber, R.: Observations of mixed phase clouds using airborne lidar and in situ instrumentation, Revived and revised Papers Presented at the 23rd International Laser Radar Conference, Chikao Nagasava and Nobuo Sugimoto, 325–328, 2006. Strapp, J. W., Oldenburg, J., Ide, R., Lilie, L., Bacic, S., Vukovic, Z., Oleskiw, M., Miller, D., Emery, E., and Leone, G.: Wind Tunnel Measurements of the Response of Hot-Wire Liquid Water Content Instruments to Large Droplets, J. Atmos. Ocean. Techn., 20, 791–806, 2003. Strapp, J. W., Lilie, L. E., Emery, E. E., and Miller, D. R.: Preliminary Comparison of Ice Water Content as Measured by Hot Wire Instruments of Varying Configuration, 43rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, AIAA-2005-0860, 11–13 January 2005. Ström, J., Busen, R., Quante, M., Guillemet, B., Brown, P., and Heintzenberg, J.: Pre-EUCREX Intercomparison of Airborne Humidity Measuring Instruments, J. Atmos. Ocean. Techn., 11, 1392–1399, 1994. Voloshchuk, V. M.: The Introduction to the Hydrodynamics of Coarse-Dispersed Aerosols, Gidrometeoizdat, 208~pp., 1971. Wendisch, M., Garrett, T. J., and Strapp, J. W.: Wind Tunnel Tests of the Airborne PVM-100A Response to Large Droplets, J. Atmos. Oceanic Techn., 19, 1577–1584, 2002.