AMT - recent papers
https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/
Combined list of the recent articles of the journal Atmospheric Measurement Techniques and the recent discussion forum Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DiscussionsTropospheric ozone column dataset from OMPS-LP/OMPS-NM limb–nadir matching
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1791-2024
<b>Tropospheric ozone column dataset from OMPS-LP/OMPS-NM limb–nadir matching</b><br>
Andrea Orfanoz-Cheuquelaf, Carlo Arosio, Alexei Rozanov, Mark Weber, Annette Ladstätter-Weißenmayer, John P. Burrows, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, and Debra E. Kollonige<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1791–1809, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1791-2024, 2024<br>
Valuable information on the tropospheric ozone column (TrOC) can be obtained globally by combining space-borne limb and nadir measurements (limb–nadir matching, LNM). This study describes the retrieval of TrOC from the OMPS instrument (since 2012) using the LNM technique. The OMPS-LNM TrOC was compared with ozonesondes and other satellite measurements, showing a good agreement with a negative bias within 1 to 4 DU. This new dataset is suitable for pollution studies.
2024-03-28T18:35:09+01:00Application of fuzzy c-means clustering for analysis of chemical ionization mass spectra: insights into the gas phase chemistry of NO3-initiated oxidation of isoprene
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1811-2024
<b>Application of fuzzy c-means clustering for analysis of chemical ionization mass spectra: insights into the gas phase chemistry of NO3-initiated oxidation of isoprene</b><br>
Rongrong Wu, Sören R. Zorn, Sungah Kang, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Andreas Wahner, and Thomas F. Mentel<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1811–1835, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1811-2024, 2024<br>
Recent advances in high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) enable the detection of highly oxygenated organic molecules, which efficiently contribute to secondary organic aerosol. Here we present an application of fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering to deconvolve CIMS data. FCM not only reduces the complexity of mass spectrometric data but also the chemical and kinetic information retrieved by clustering gives insights into the chemical processes involved.
2024-03-28T18:35:09+01:00Thermal tides in the middle atmosphere at mid-latitudes measured with a ground-based microwave Radiometer
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-42
<b>Thermal tides in the middle atmosphere at mid-latitudes measured with a ground-based microwave Radiometer</b><br>
Witali Krochin, Axel Murk, and Gunter Stober<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-42,2024<br>
<b>Preprint under review for AMT</b> (discussion: open, 0 comments)<br>
Atmospheric tides are global-scale oscillations with periods of a fraction of a day. Their observation in the middle atmosphere is challenging and rare, as it requires continuous measurements with a high temporal resolution. In this manuscript, temperature time series of a ground-based microwave radiometer were analyzed with a spectral filter to derive thermal tide amplitudes and phases in an altitude range of 20–50 km at the geographical location of Payerne (Switzerland).
2024-03-28T18:35:09+01:00Version 8 IMK/IAA MIPAS measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1759-2024
<b>Version 8 IMK/IAA MIPAS measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22</b><br>
Gabriele P. Stiller, Thomas von Clarmann, Norbert Glatthor, Udo Grabowski, Sylvia Kellmann, Michael Kiefer, Alexandra Laeng, Andrea Linden, Bernd Funke, Maya García-Comas, and Manuel López-Puertas<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1759–1789, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1759-2024, 2024<br>
CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22 contribute to the depletion of ozone and are potent greenhouse gases. They have been banned by the Montreal protocol. With MIPAS on Envisat the atmospheric composition could be observed between 2002 and 2012. We present here the retrieval of their atmospheric distributions for the final data version 8. We characterise the derived data by their error budget and their spatial resolution. An additional representation for direct comparison to models is also provided.
2024-03-27T18:35:09+01:00Gravity waves above the Northern Atlantic and Europe during streamer events using ADM-Aeolus
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-18
<b>Gravity waves above the Northern Atlantic and Europe during streamer events using ADM-Aeolus</b><br>
Sabine Wüst, Lisa Küchelbacher, Franziska Trinkl, and Michael Bittner<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-18,2024<br>
<b>Preprint under review for AMT</b> (discussion: open, 0 comments)<br>
Information about the energy of gravity waves (GWs) is crucial for improving atmosphere models. Most space-based studies report on the potential energy. We use ADM-Aeolus wind data to derive a lower limit of the kinetic energy density. However, the data quality is a challenge for such analyses, as the accuracy of the data is in the range of typical GW amplitudes. We find a temporal coincidence between enhanced or breaking planetary waves and enhanced gravity wave kinetic energy density.
2024-03-27T18:35:09+01:00A cloud-by-cloud approach for studying aerosol–cloud interaction in satellite observations
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1739-2024
<b>A cloud-by-cloud approach for studying aerosol–cloud interaction in satellite observations</b><br>
Fani Alexandri, Felix Müller, Goutam Choudhury, Peggy Achtert, Torsten Seelig, and Matthias Tesche<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1739–1757, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1739-2024, 2024<br>
We present a novel method for studying aerosol–cloud interactions. It combines cloud-relevant aerosol concentrations from polar-orbiting lidar observations with the development of individual clouds from geostationary observations. Application to 1 year of data gives first results on the impact of aerosols on the concentration and size of cloud droplets and on cloud phase in the regime of heterogeneous ice formation. The method could enable the systematic investigation of warm and cold clouds.
2024-03-26T18:35:09+01:00CALOTRITON: a convective boundary layer height estimation algorithm from ultra-high-frequency (UHF) wind profiler data
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1679-2024
<b>CALOTRITON: a convective boundary layer height estimation algorithm from ultra-high-frequency (UHF) wind profiler data</b><br>
Alban Philibert, Marie Lothon, Julien Amestoy, Pierre-Yves Meslin, Solène Derrien, Yannick Bezombes, Bernard Campistron, Fabienne Lohou, Antoine Vial, Guylaine Canut-Rocafort, Joachim Reuder, and Jennifer K. Brooke<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1679–1701, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1679-2024, 2024<br>
We present a new algorithm, CALOTRITON, for the retrieval of the convective boundary layer depth with ultra-high-frequency radar measurements. CALOTRITON is partly based on the principle that the top of the convective boundary layer is associated with an inversion and a decrease in turbulence. It is evaluated using ceilometer and radiosonde data. It is able to qualify the complexity of the vertical structure of the low troposphere and detect internal or residual layers.
2024-03-25T18:35:09+01:00Lidar depolarization characterization using a reference system
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1721-2024
<b>Lidar depolarization characterization using a reference system</b><br>
Alkistis Papetta, Franco Marenco, Maria Kezoudi, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Holger Baars, Ioana Elisabeta Popovici, Philippe Goloub, Stéphane Victori, and Jean Sciare<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1721–1738, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1721-2024, 2024<br>
We propose a method to determine depolarization parameters using observations from a reference instrument at a nearby location, needed for systems where a priori knowledge of cross-talk parameters is not available. It uses three-parameter equations to compare VDR between two co-located lidars at dust and molecular layers. It can be applied retrospectively to existing data acquired during campaigns. Its application to Cimel CE376 corrected VDR bias at high- and low-depolarizing layers.
2024-03-25T18:35:09+01:00Model-based evaluation of cloud geometry and droplet size retrievals from two-dimensional polarized measurements of specMACS
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1703-2024
<b>Model-based evaluation of cloud geometry and droplet size retrievals from two-dimensional polarized measurements of specMACS</b><br>
Lea Volkmer, Veronika Pörtge, Fabian Jakub, and Bernhard Mayer<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1703–1719, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1703-2024, 2024<br>
Three-dimensional radiative transfer simulations are used to evaluate the performance of retrieval algorithms in the derivation of cloud geometry (cloud top heights) and cloud droplet size distributions from two-dimensional polarized radiance measurements of the airborne spectrometer of the Munich Aerosol Cloud Scanner. The cloud droplet size distributions are derived for the effective radius and variance. The simulations are based on cloud data from highly resolved large-eddy simulations.
2024-03-25T18:35:09+01:00Deriving the hygroscopicity of ambient particles using low-cost optical particle counters
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-39
<b>Deriving the hygroscopicity of ambient particles using low-cost optical particle counters</b><br>
Wei-Chieh Huang, Hui-Ming Hung, Ching-Wei Chu, Wei-Chun Hwang, and Shih-Chun Candice Lung<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-39,2024<br>
<b>Preprint under review for AMT</b> (discussion: open, 0 comments)<br>
This study investigates aerosol properties crucial for health, cloud formation, and climate impact. Employing a low-cost sensor system, we assess hygroscopicity of particulate matter (PM), the ability to influence cloud formation to improve the reported PM concentrations from low-cost sensors. The study introduces an alternate methodology for assessing aerosol hygroscopicity, offering insights into atmospheric science, air quality, and cloud dynamics.
2024-03-25T18:35:09+01:003D wind observations with a compact mobile lidar based on tropo- and stratospheric aerosol backscatter
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1665-2024
<b>3D wind observations with a compact mobile lidar based on tropo- and stratospheric aerosol backscatter</b><br>
Thorben H. Mense, Josef Höffner, Gerd Baumgarten, Ronald Eixmann, Jan Froh, Alsu Mauer, Alexander Munk, Robin Wing, and Franz-Josef Lübken<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1665–1677, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1665-2024, 2024<br>
A novel lidar system with five beams measured horizontal and vertical winds together, reaching altitudes up to 25 km. Developed in Germany, it revealed accurate horizontal wind data compared to forecasts, but vertical wind estimates differed. The lidar's capability to detect small-scale wind patterns was highlighted, advancing atmospheric research.
2024-03-21T18:35:09+01:00Assessment of current methane emission quantification techniques for natural gas midstream applications
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1633-2024
<b>Assessment of current methane emission quantification techniques for natural gas midstream applications</b><br>
Yunsong Liu, Jean-Daniel Paris, Gregoire Broquet, Violeta Bescós Roy, Tania Meixus Fernandez, Rasmus Andersen, Andrés Russu Berlanga, Emil Christensen, Yann Courtois, Sebastian Dominok, Corentin Dussenne, Travis Eckert, Andrew Finlayson, Aurora Fernández de la Fuente, Catlin Gunn, Ram Hashmonay, Juliano Grigoleto Hayashi, Jonathan Helmore, Soeren Honsel, Fabrizio Innocenti, Matti Irjala, Torgrim Log, Cristina Lopez, Francisco Cortés Martínez, Jonathan Martinez, Adrien Massardier, Helle Gottschalk Nygaard, Paula Agregan Reboredo, Elodie Rousset, Axel Scherello, Matthias Ulbricht, Damien Weidmann, Oliver Williams, Nigel Yarrow, Murès Zarea, Robert Ziegler, Jean Sciare, Mihalis Vrekoussis, and Philippe Bousquet<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1633–1649, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1633-2024, 2024<br>
We investigated the performance of 10 methane emission quantification techniques in a blind controlled-release experiment at an inerted natural gas compressor station. We reported their respective strengths, weaknesses, and potential complementarity depending on the emission rates and atmospheric conditions. Additionally, we assess the dependence of emission quantification performance on key parameters such as wind speed, deployment constraints, and measurement duration.
2024-03-19T18:35:09+01:00Verification of parameterizations for clear sky downwelling longwave irradiance in the Arctic
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1617-2024
<b>Verification of parameterizations for clear sky downwelling longwave irradiance in the Arctic</b><br>
Giandomenico Pace, Alcide di Sarra, Filippo Cali Quaglia, Virginia Ciardini, Tatiana Di Iorio, Antonio Iaccarino, Daniela Meloni, Giovanni Muscari, and Claudio Scarchilli<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1617–1632, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1617-2024, 2024<br>
This study investigates the performances of 17 formulas to determine the clear sky longwave downward irradiance in the Arctic environment. The formulas need to be tuned to the environmental conditions of the studied region and, to date, few of them have been developed and/or tested in the Arctic. The best formulas provide biases and root mean squared errors respectively smaller than 1 and 5 W m-2. We intend to use these results to estimate the longwave cloud radiative perturbation.
2024-03-19T18:35:09+01:00Hybrid instrument network optimization for air quality monitoring
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1651-2024
<b>Hybrid instrument network optimization for air quality monitoring</b><br>
Nishant Ajnoti, Hemant Gehlot, and Sachchida Nand Tripathi<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1651–1664, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1651-2024, 2024<br>
This research focuses on the optimal placement of hybrid instruments (sensors and monitors) to maximize satisfaction function considering population, PM2.5 concentration, budget, and other factors. Two algorithms are developed in this study: a genetic algorithm and a greedy algorithm. We tested these algorithms on various regions. The insights of this work aid in quantitative placement of air quality monitoring instruments in large cities, moving away from ad hoc approaches.
2024-03-19T18:35:09+01:00Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Hemispheric (SAS-He): Design and Evaluation
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-13
<b>Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Hemispheric (SAS-He): Design and Evaluation</b><br>
Evgueni Kassianov, Connor Flynn, James Barnard, Brian Ermold, and Jennifer Comstock<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-13,2024<br>
<b>Preprint under review for AMT</b> (discussion: open, 0 comments)<br>
Conventional ground-based radiometers commonly measure solar radiation at a few wavelengths within a narrow spectral range. These limitations prevent improved retrievals of aerosol, cloud, and surface characteristics. To address these limitations, an advanced ground-based radiometer with expanded spectral coverage and hyperspectral capability is introduced. Its good performance is demonstrated using reference data collected over three coastal regions with diverse types of aerosols and clouds.
2024-03-19T18:35:09+01:00First validation of high-resolution satellite-derived methane emissions from an active gas leak in the UK
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1599-2024
<b>First validation of high-resolution satellite-derived methane emissions from an active gas leak in the UK</b><br>
Emily Dowd, Alistair J. Manning, Bryn Orth-Lashley, Marianne Girard, James France, Rebecca E. Fisher, Dave Lowry, Mathias Lanoisellé, Joseph R. Pitt, Kieran M. Stanley, Simon O'Doherty, Dickon Young, Glen Thistlethwaite, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Emanuel Gloor, and Chris Wilson<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1599–1615, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1599-2024, 2024<br>
We provide the first validation of the satellite-derived emission estimates using surface-based mobile greenhouse gas surveys of an active gas leak detected near Cheltenham, UK. GHGSat’s emission estimates broadly agree with the surface-based mobile survey and steps were taken to fix the leak, highlighting the importance of satellite data in identifying emissions and helping to reduce our human impact on climate change.
2024-03-18T18:35:09+01:00Lower-cost eddy covariance for CO2 and H2O fluxes over grassland and agroforestry
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-30
<b>Lower-cost eddy covariance for CO2 and H2O fluxes over grassland and agroforestry</b><br>
Justus G. V. van Ramshorst, Alexander Knohl, José Ángel Callejas-Rodelas, Robert Clement, Timothy C. Hill, Lukas Siebicke, and Christian Markwitz<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-30,2024<br>
<b>Preprint under review for AMT</b> (discussion: open, 0 comments)<br>
In this work we present experimental field results of a lower-cost eddy covariance (LC-EC) system, which can measure the ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide and water vapour with the atmosphere. During three field campaigns on a grassland and agroforestry grassland we compared the LC-EC with a conventional eddy covariance (CON-EC) system. Our results show that LC-EC has the potential to measure EC fluxes for only approximately 25 % of the costs of a CON-EC system.
2024-03-18T18:35:09+01:00In situ observations of supercooled liquid water clouds over Dome C, Antarctica by balloon-borne sondes
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-8
<b>In situ observations of supercooled liquid water clouds over Dome C, Antarctica by balloon-borne sondes</b><br>
Philippe Ricaud, Pierre Durand, Paolo Grigioni, Massimo Del Guasta, Giuseppe Camporeale, Axel Roy, Jean-Luc Attié, and John Bognar<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-8,2024<br>
<b>Preprint under review for AMT</b> (discussion: open, 0 comments)<br>
Clouds in Antarctica are key elements affecting climate evolution. Some clouds are constituted of supercooled liquid water (SLW, water held in liquid form below 0 °C) and are difficult to forecast by models. We performed in-situ observations of SLW clouds at Concordia station using SLW sondes attached to meteorological balloons in summer 2021–2022. The SLW clouds were observed in a saturated layer at the top of the Planetary Boundary Layer in agreement with ground-based LIDAR observations.
2024-03-18T18:35:09+01:00Enhancing consistency of microphysical properties of precipitation across the melting layer in dual-frequency precipitation radar data
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1577-2024
<b>Enhancing consistency of microphysical properties of precipitation across the melting layer in dual-frequency precipitation radar data</b><br>
Kamil Mroz, Alessandro Battaglia, and Ann M. Fridlind<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1577–1597, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1577-2024, 2024<br>
In this study, we examine the extent to which radar measurements from space can inform us about the properties of clouds and precipitation. Surprisingly, our analysis showed that the amount of ice turning into rain was lower than expected in the current product. To improve on this, we came up with a new way to extract information about the size and concentration of particles from radar data. As long as we use this method in the right conditions, we can even estimate how dense the ice is.
2024-03-15T18:35:09+01:00A novel infrared imager for studies of hydroxyl and oxygen nightglow emissions in the mesopause above northern Scandinavia
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1561-2024
<b>A novel infrared imager for studies of hydroxyl and oxygen nightglow emissions in the mesopause above northern Scandinavia</b><br>
Peter Dalin, Urban Brändström, Johan Kero, Peter Voelger, Takanori Nishiyama, Trond Trondsen, Devin Wyatt, Craig Unick, Vladimir Perminov, Nikolay Pertsev, and Jonas Hedin<br>
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1561–1576, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1561-2024, 2024<br>
A novel infrared imaging instrument (OH imager) was put into operation in November 2022 at the Swedish Institute of Space Physics in Kiruna (Sweden). The OH imager is dedicated to the study of nightglow emissions coming from the hydroxyl (OH) and molecular oxygen (O2) layers in the mesopause (80–100 km). Based on a brightness ratio of two OH emission lines, the neutral temperature is estimated at around 87 km. The average daily winter temperature for the period January–April 2023 is 203±10 K.
2024-03-15T18:35:09+01:00